Devon Marble
Historic England
Bletchingdon Marble
Skyros Marble
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm
2019-07-17
FISH Building Materials Thesaurus
Historic England
Terminology used for recording the main construction materials of monuments, buildings and structures relating to the built and buried heritage of the British Isles. Maintained by Historic England on behalf of the FISH Terminology Working Group
Todber Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Moolham Stone
Sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium carbonate. Varying in grain size, colour and hardness, quarried and used throughout the country.
Limestone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98028
Calcareous Spar
Devon Marble
Historic England
Membury Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98044
One of only three 'true' British marbles, pale green and white in colour.
Iona Marble
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97991
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Composite substance of plaster formed by gypsum, sand and lime and coloured with pigments, fixed under heat and highly polished. Used to imitate marble and popular in the 17th and 18th centuries for architectural features.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98174
Scagliola
Stucco Lustro
Marble
Breche Rose
Sussex Marble
Large Paludina Marble
Pink Verona Marble
Jaune Lamartine
Deepdale Fossil
Derbydene
Frosterley Marble
Derbyshire Fossil
Limestones formed during the Carboniferous period. Many are cut, polished and used as marble.
Battscombe Stone
Historic England
Penmon Limestone
Hoptons Wood Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97800
Orton Scar Limestone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Hadene Stone
Dukes Red Limestone
Carboniferous Limestone
Salterwath
Pennon Marble
Swaledale Fossil
Cheddar Stone
Torquay Marble
Parian Marble
Petworth Marble
Teesdale Marble
Dundee Marble
Travertine
Verona Marble
Sicilian Marble
Small Paludina Marble
Istrian Stone
Pennon Marble
Australian Marble
Campan Rose
Campan Vert
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97793
Campan Melange
White coloured marble. Imported from France.
Historic England
Campan Marble
Pentelic Marble
Tinos
Laughton Marble
Collective name for, in a true geological sense, a metamorphosed limestone, eg. Carrara marble, and, in the British sense any decorative stone that will take a polish, eg. Purbeck marble. In the latter's case index with specific stone type where given.
Charlwood Stone
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Polyphant
Compact, grey/green/brown/white-speckled coloured igneous rock, peculiar to Cornwall. It is easy to carve and readily takes a polish, hence its similarity to British marbles.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98118
Ashburton Marble
Yeovil Marble
Bethersden Marble
Verde Antico
Alabaster
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97704
Historic England
Fine grained, whitish, granular variety of Gypsum. Suitable for carving.
Verde Fraye
Connemara Marble
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97844
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
One of only three 'true' British marbles, green and white in colour, predominantly used in large public buildings.
Purbeck Portland
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Langton Freestone
Historic England
Corfe Stone
Purbeck Marble
Swanage Stone
Purbeck Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98131
Collective name for the oolitic limestone quarried in the Isle of Purbeck region, geologically classified into two main groups. Firstly, a fine grained whitish variety, Purbeck Portland, secondly a fossil-rich cream/gold to grey variety, Swanage Stone etc
Purbeck Marble
Stone
Metamorphic Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98216
Gaisby Stone
Historic England
Rock of definite form and size, usually artificially shaped. See STONE CLass List for narrow terms.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Frosterley Marble
Arabescato Marble
Carrara Marble
Pavonazzo
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97802
Historic England
Imported Italian marble varying in colour from green, blue, purple to white.
Bardiglio Marble
Cipollino Marble
2019-07-17T10:14:55
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Forest Marble
One of only three 'true' British marbles, white in colour, predominantly used for sculptures and statues.
Skye Marble
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98191
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Leather
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Animal
Pertaining to or deriving from a living organism. See ANIMAL Class list for narrow terms.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97712
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98023
Historic England
Animal skin that has been hardened or treated by a tanning process.
Hard York Freestone
Freestone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Stonemason's term for any easily worked sedimentary rock. Index with specific stone type where given.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97932
Langton Freestone
Yorkshire Freestone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97774
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/164108
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Hertfordshire Puddingstone
A conglomerate rock comprising well rounded flint pebbles in a very hard matrix of fine pale coloured sand, bound together by hard natural silica cement. The pebbles are usually coloured ochre or red and have black rims.
Historic England
Conglomerate
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Dolomitic Conglomerate
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97843
Brandon Hill Grit Rubble
Sedimentary rock consisting of rounded pebbles naturally cemented together.
Historic England
Sedimentary rock consisting of angular fragments naturally cemented together.
Historic England
Breccia
Puddingstone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Conglomerate consisting of rounded flint pebbles held together in a natural silica and sand cement.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98126
Granolithic Concrete
Concrete Block
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98170
Sand
Granular material consisting of small eroded fragments of rock or mineral grains, finer than gravel used as an ingredient in mortar and other traditional building materials.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Breeze Block
Thermalite
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97776
Lightweight building block traditionally made with coke breeze from gas works combined with sand and cement. Use this term generally to denote a light, modern concrete building block with man made characteristics.
Historic England
Originally obtained by burning limestone to produce quicklime. Now a fine grey powder made from a mixture of limestone and clay used with water and sand to make mortar or with water, sand and aggregate to make concrete.
Cement Tile
Whitby Cement
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97809
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Cement Render
Historic England
Cement
Tile
Concrete Tile
Tablet of a uniform shape. Used as finishing or covering materials which fit together in a regular format.
Clay Tile
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98241
Cement Tile
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97840
Pantile
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98081
Curved, interlocking roof tile of S-shaped section usually made of clay or concrete.
Historic England
Aggregate, cement and mortar combined with structural elements of iron or steel mesh or rod reinforcement to form stonelike masses for load bearing, structural building work.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Reinforced Concrete
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98145
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97810
A binder combined with various aggregates which sets and holds together into a mass which then hardens and gains strength.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Cement Mix
Historic England
Composed of sand, stones or other aggregate and cement mixed with water which sets in a hard mass. The material is usually associated with modern building but was developed by Romans where cement was obtained from quicklime.
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Prestressed Concrete
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98124
Concrete, containing bars or wires, which is compressed to greatly increase its strength.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Concrete
Concrete Tile
Historic England
A concrete which is either aerated or made from lightweight aggregate.
Lightweight Concrete
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98025
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Torquay Marble
Ashburton Marble
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Limestone formed during the Devonian period, and found predominantly between the Exe and Tamar rivers in Devon. Varying in colour from black/grey to pink/white it was often polished to imitate, and be used as, marble.
Chudleigh Stone
Plymouth Stone
Devonian Limestone
Plymouth Limestone
Torquay Limestone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97887
Historic England
Swindon Stone
Hollington Stone
Greensand Stone
Dunhouse Stone
Hatherleigh Stone
Sussex Stone
Tunbridge Wells Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Pulborough Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98223
Fine grained, buff, brown to green coloured Cretaceous sandstone. Quarried at various locations in Sussex. Not to be confused with Sussex marble which is a cretaceous limestone.
Midhurst Stone
Bognor Rock
Calverley Stone
Historic England
Windy Hill Stone
Bunter Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97803
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Ginger Bread Stone
Car Stone
Carstone
Coarse hard sandstone often coloured with iron oxide creating its characteristic brown shades.
Historic England
Doddington Stone
Forest Stone (Gloucestershire)
Davie Blocks Stone
Springwell Stone
Prudham Stone
Wellfield Stone
Derbyshire Stone
Foxs Wood Rubble
Thorverton Stone
Lane Head Stone
Bramley Fall Stone
Historic England
Hard, fine grained, blue/grey coloured sandstone. Quarried in South Wales and the Bristol area and commonly used, throughout the country, as a stone roofing material (stone slate).
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98093
Pennant Stone
Elland Edge Stone
Hard Rock
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98307
Hard York
Yorkshire Flagstone
Elland Edge Flagrock
Historic England
Yorkshire Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Woodkirk Stone
York Stone
Generic name for the fine grained, brown coloured carboniferous sandstone, quarried in the Leeds, Bradford and Halifax area.
Hard York Freestone
Greenmoor Stone
Crosland Hill Stone
Bolton Wood Stone
Whitby Stone
Penshaw Sandstone
Waterholes Sandstone
Rainow Stone
Historic England
Red Wilderness Stone
Geologically sandstone consists of particles of quartz naturally cemented together by either silica, calcium or iron. It is this geological composition that accounts for the varying colours and grain sizes found in the many building sandstones.
St Boniface Stone
Collective name for any stone that has become impregnated with iron oxide. Index with specific stone type where given.
Northamptonshire Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97993
Ironstone
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Hailes Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98171
Ringby Stone
Firestone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Soft sandstone stained by iron oxide often used in the Surrey area.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97919
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Burgate Stone
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97731
Bargate Stone
Hard, coarse grained, calcareous sandstone, coloured by iron oxide. Quarried in the Guildford and Godalming area of the South East.
Britannia Stone
Soudley Stone
Chatwell Stone
Hall Dale Stone
Darley Dale Stone
Derbyshire Grit Stone
Wattscliffe Stone
Millstone Grit
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Revidge Grit
Stancliffe Stone
Whatstandwell Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97957
Matlock Stone
Birchover Stone
Carboniferous sandstone varying in grain size from coarse to fine and in colour from white, yellow, pink to brown. When only Gritstone is mentioned, unless otherwise specified, assume it to be Gritstone (Sandstone), as this is the more common usage.
Historic England
Birshover Gritstone
Chinley Moor Stone
Watts Cliff Stone
Gritstone (Sandstone)
Spynie Stone
Forest Of Dean Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98144
Merstham Stone
Reigate Stone
Soft, medium grained, green/grey coloured, highly calcareous, cretaceous sandstone. Mined (more frequently than quarried) since pre-Norman times from the Reigate area of Surrey.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Godstone Stone
Gatton Stone
Stainton Stone
St Bees Stone
Rassau Stone
Stowey Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98024
Lias
Collective term for the building limestones formed during the Lower Jurassic period.
Historic England
Rainhill Stone
Locharbriggs Stone
Culm Measures Stone
Clashach Stone
Lazonby Red Sandstone
Culm Stone
Cardeston Stone
Craigleith Stone
Mansfield Stone
Tixall Stone
Lower Greensand
Yorkshire Delph
Heavitree Stone
Green Brae Stone
Kerridge Stone
Penrith Red Sandstone
Sandstone
Permian Sandstone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Shale
Mudstone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Soft, very fine grained, dark coloured, sedimentary rock which splits easily.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98183
Caerbwdy Stone
Coxbench Sandstone
Delph Stone
Caithness Flagstone
Woolton Stone
Blaxter Stone
Rose Brae Stone
Dunston Stone
Auchinlea Stone
Keuper Stone
Pencaemaur Stone
Ladycross Stone
Salcombe Stone
Moulton Stone
Grinshill Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
A soft, grey to white coloured, sandstone formed during the Cretaceous period, whose sand grains are cemented together with lime.
Malmstone
Malm (Stone)
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98040
Historic England
Green Ventnor Stone
Darney Stone
Spinkwell Stone
Corsehill Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Heathstone
Sarsen Stone
Extremely hard, fine grained, grey to brown silica rich sandstone. It is often found on the surface of the South Downs and has been used, as found, since prehistoric times.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98173
Greyweathers
Cumberland Stone
Historic England
Lead which has been rolled into a sheet and often used as a roof covering.
Sheet Lead
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/143234
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Class of elements and alloys that are characteristically lustrous,ductile, fusible and malleable. These are extracted from ore minerals originally existing in nature and processed before becoming a recognisable metal. See METAL Class List for narrow terms
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98053
Metal
Metal used primarily for roof coverings and window fittings. It is easy to work, can be worked cold and does not rust which makes it suitable for holding or repelling water.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98022
Lead
Historic England
Barge Quartzite
Altazite
Rembrandt Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98175
Medium to coarse grained metamorphic rock, colour being determined by its dominant mineral. Often used for floor and wall cladding.
Historic England
Italian Quartzite
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Alta Quartzite
Sanfront Stone
Schist
Otta Slate
Pillaguri Slate
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97982
Hornton Stone
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Compact grained, brown/yellow/green/grey blue, coloured liassic limestone.
Pink Verona Marble
Yeovil Marble
Historic England
Specific English quarryman's term for any limestone abundant in shell fragments. Use this term with care. When only Gritstone is mentioned, unless otherwise specified, assume it to be Gritstone (Sandstone), since this is the most common usage.
Gritstone (Limestone)
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97956
Bletchingdon Marble
Jurassic Limestone
Verona Marble
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97999
Forest Marble
Verde Fraye
Walling Stone
Historic England
Limestone formed during the Jurassic period. Provides many widely used building stones.
Cornbrash Limestone
Oxford Stone
Dundry Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98075
Oolitic Limestone
Stonesfield Slate
Charlbury Stone
Campden Stone
Taynton Stone
Limestone formed during the Jurassic period. Composed of ooliths, literally small rock particles with the appearance of fish roe.
Coral Rag Limestone
Cary Stone
Wheatley Stone
Oolite
Headington Stone
Doulting Stone
Painswick Stone
Historic England
Hovingham Stone
Slurry
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98195
Cement/water mix often used as covering. Use this for entries including slurrying and slurried.
Cosgrove Stone
Collyweston Slate
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Ketton Stone
Ancaster Stone
Casterton Stone
Generic term for the oolitic limestones quarried in Northamptonshire, Lincolnshire and Rutland. Varying in grain size from medium to coarse, and colour from cream to pale brown.
Lincolnshire Limestone
Stamford Stone
Weldon Stone
Barnack Stone
Freebed
Hardwhite
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98029
Weatherbed
Historic England
Clipsham Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Shap Granite
Isle Of Man Granite
Kemnay Granite
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Baveno Granite
Drewsteignston Stone
Grey Royal Granite
A hard, coarse grained, durable igneous rock. Can be used decoratively or as a main material. Found throughout the country.
Graphic Granite
Scottish Granite
Pink Granite
Correnie Granite
Muscovite Granite
Dundee Marble
Raddon Stone
Hornblende Granite
Granite
Ross Of Mull Granite
Bon Accord Red Granite
Dunleary Stone
Virgo Granite
Cornish Granite
Devon Granite
Newham Stone
Biotite Granite
Scotch Granite
Rose Swede Granite
Granolithic Concrete
Imperial Mahogany
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97944
Channel Isle Granite
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98184
Adamelite
Hard, coarse grained, grey to red/brown coloured granite. Used predominantly for tombstones becasuse of its ability to take a polish, but it is also in demand for underwater construction.
Fine to coarse grained, cream to green/grey coloured oolitic limestone. Quarried since Roman times, it is one of Britain's best building stones, hence its use throughout the country.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98123
Tisbury Stone
Roach Stone
Chilmark Stone
Ridgeway Stone
Whitbed
Historic England
Portland Roach
Portland Stone
Base Bed
Basebed
Whit Bed
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Traditional roof covering consisting of materials such as reed, straw or heather layered and fastened together onto roof to form a run off to prevent water penetration.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98239
Thatch
Roofing material consisting of stems or stalks of wheat, rye, oats or barley separated from grain and laid flat in 'yealms' which form an overlapping surface which sheds water.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Combed Wheat Reed
A form of thatching straw composed of stems that have been combed mechanically to remove grain and extraneous waste material without crushing the stem.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/139757
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98219
Long Straw
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98031
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Composed of loose uncombed lengths of harvested wheat which are formed into bundles for laying. Distinctive appearance with both ears and butts visible on the surface traditionally using hazel spars which hold the straw in place.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Straw
Any tree, shrub or herb of cellulose form, normally subsisting in soil and producing its food through photosynthesis.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98109
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Plant
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Gorse
A spiny evergreen shrub of the pea family which can be utilized as a roof covering in areas of its predominance, eg. heathland.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97943
Historic England
Safari Quartzite
Medium grained, hard, white/grey coloured stone consisting of quartz and often silica, produced by the metamorphosis of sandstone.
Historic England
Quartz
Hard, transparent, often coloured mineral. Can be found on its own as crystals and veins but also as a major constituent of rocks such as granite. Often used decoratively.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98133
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Quartzite
Diamanzite
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98134
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Large Paludina Marble
Historic England
Bethersden Marble
Historic England
Sandy, rough blue to green/grey coloured limestone. Quarried in Kent and widely used throughout the South East.
Kentish Ragstone
Tonbridge Stone
Kentish Rag
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98003
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Cretaceous Limestone
Laughton Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97788
Fine grained limestone, yellow or yellow/white in colour. Imported from France, mainly for ecclesiastical use.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Caen Stone
Historic England
Petworth Marble
Istrian Stone
Charlwood Stone
Small Paludina Marble
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97866
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Amberley Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97814
Historic England
Chalk
A soft, porous, white to light grey coloured limestone.
Limestone formed during the Cretaceous period.
Sussex Marble
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Laughton Marble
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98074
Wood
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Hard, compact, unprocessed, fibrous cellulose substance. The roots, trunks and branches of trees and shrubs consist of this tissue.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98301
Historic England
Oak
A native hardwood of the Beech family with hard and durable characteristics which traditionally made it appropriate for structural work.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Copper
Metal used primarily for roofing and ornamental purposes, being lighter and stronger than lead.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97779
Historic England
Hard, corrosive resistant alloy of copper and tin.
Bronze
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97845
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97734
Hurdwick Stone
Volcanic Stone
Killerton Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Basic, black coloured, fine grained, igneous rock.
Volcanic Trap
Historic England
Basalt
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97891
Dolerite
Historic England
Medium grained, intrusive, black or dark green coloured, igneous rock.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98293
Northern quarryman's name for any fine grained, dark grey/black to green coloured igneous rock. Index with specific stone type where given.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Whinstone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98236
Historic England
Bembridge Stone
Bembridge Limestone
Generic name for the hard, white/cream coloured, freshwater limestone. Quarried on the Isle of Wight.
Binstead Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97741
Quarr Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Isle Of Wight Stone
Tertiary Limestone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Coralline Crag
Hard, fossil rich, white to deep red coloured limestone, laid down during the Tertiary period. Used since Roman times because of its good durability and weathering properties.
Istrian Stone
Blue Lias
Historic England
Hard, white/grey coloured liassic limestone. Quarried near Somerton in Somerset.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98000
Keinton Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97756
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Hard white/grey coloured liassic limestone. Quarried on the Devon-Dorset border.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98276
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Timber
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Deal
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98242
Wood, cut and seasoned so forming or capable of forming any part of a structure. May be treated with preservative before use.
Application of earth based plaster to a backing of lath or wattle used in internal or external walls. Composite mixture which may include clay soil, dung, straw, lime putty, sand or horsehair.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Daub
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97873
Wooden rods or stakes which can be interlaced with twigs or branches to make walls or fences, or more commonly, to form the basis of panels in traditional timber framed buildings which are then covered with daub.
Wattle
Cob
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Clob
Walls composed of clay, earth, straw, lime and sand, mixed with water. Constructed without shutters in layers upon a stone or brick plinth and usually covered with protective limewash.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Cob type construction typical to Buckinghamshire using a local clay with a high chalk content to produce walls of notable inherent stability.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98298
Wichert
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97835
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Earth Mix
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97903
Unbaked clays and/or soil material often mixed with, or performing the function of an aggregate or binder. See EARTH MIX Class List for narrow terms.
Historic England
Artificial Timber
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98041
A material or combination of materials manufactured by human effort, or fashioned into shape by man or a man made industrial process (excluding metal). See MAN MADE MATERIAL Class List for narrow terms.
Man Made Material
Historic England
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97718
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Synthetic fibres and reconstituted materials imitating, or in the form of, timber created by a man-made process. Use carefully - do not confuse with mock and sham timber work.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98045
Uppingham Stone
Fine grained, iron rich, liassic limestone, found in Dorset, Somerset, Oxfordshire, Northamptonshire, Leicestershire and Rutland.
Marlstone
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Septaria
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98180
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98156
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Roman Cement
Technically a quick setting hydraulic cement or lime,but term has been adapted to denote cement made from burning lumps of marl found in London clay,a technique adopted for C19th building work. Name not intended to denote a relationship with Roman period
Conglomerate consisting of nodules of calcium rich clay (marl). Used as a building stone from Roman times and as a key ingredient in Parker's Roman Cement, between 1796 and circa 1850.
Historic England
Rag Slate
Cornish Rustic
Trecarne Rustic Slate
Collective term for the slates from Devon and Cornwall. Hard, fine grained metamorphic rock. Varying in colour from dark grey/green to blueish/grey. West Country Slate is geologically different from both Lake District and Welsh Slate.
Tredinnick Rustic Slate
Tintagel Stone
Delabole Slate
Devon Slate
Trebarwith Rustic Slate
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
West Country Slate
Bluestone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98287
Cornish Slate
Mill Hill Slate
Longford Rustic Slate
Collective term for a hard, fine grained, dark coloured metamorphic rock, which splits easily; hence its common use as a roofing and flooring material, and a functional description for any rectangular, sheet, roofing material.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98194
Cornish miner's term for slates formed during the Carboniferous and Devonian periods.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Killas
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98007
Charnwood Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97928
Collective name for a series of rocks (granite, syenite, porphry and slate) found in the Charnwood Forest of Leicestershire. Index with specific stone type where given.
Historic England
Swithland Slate
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Forest Stone (Leicestershire)
Blue Welsh Slate
Penrhyn Slate
Historic England
Blue Grey Slate
Welsh Slate
Collective term for the North and South Wales groups of slate. Hard, fine grained, metamorphic rock, with varying dark shades.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98286
Berwyn Slate
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Westmoorland Green
Broughton Moor Slate
Kirkstone Green
Greenslate
Westmoorland Slate
Moss Rigg Slate
Collective term for the Burlington (Silurian period) and Borrowdale (Ordovician period) groups of slates from the Lake District and parts of Cumbria, Lancashire. Hard, fine grained metamorphic rock, varying in colour from green/olive to black/blue black.
Lake District Slate
Spoutcrag
Brathay Slate
Cobble Stone
Borrowdale Slate
Burlington Slate
Historic England
Bursting Stone
Elterwater Slate
Skiddaw Slate
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98013
Lakeland Green
Buttermere Slate
Burlington Blue Grey
Swithland Slate
Scotch Slate
Historic England
Scottish Slate
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Ballachulish Slate
Collective term for the Scottish Slates including the Aberdeen/Baniff and Ballachulish/Easdale groups. Fine grained, varying in colour from brown to dark grey/blue. Geologically different from Lake District, Welsh and West Country groups of slate.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98179
Riven Slate
Slate
By-product or waste, resulting from an industrial process.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98026
Historic England
Lime
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Lime Mortar
Calcium Oxide obtained by heating limestone in a kiln. Used as a constituent of modern mortar, or as slaked (non-hydraulic) lime in lime putty, daub, limewash and traditional lime plaster, mortar and renders.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98193
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Waste material or dross separated from metals during smelting or refining.
Slag
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Residue
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98148
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97830
Fused ash from furnaces used as aggregate.
Clinker
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Industrial Waste
Brick
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Peat
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98087
Part-decomposed vegetable matter formed under waterlogged conditions into a firm, brown deposit resembling soil. Used as a brick for infilling in timber framed walls.
Peat Brick
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Historic England
Tile nailed externally to a wall and usually laid in mortar designed to present a brick-like appearance.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Mathematical Tile
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98047
Malm (Brick)
Ruabon Brick
Vitrified Brick
Class List for narrow terms.]]>
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98046
]]>
Clay Tile
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97827
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Clay
A fine grained earth which becomes more plastic when water is added and can be moulded and dried to make bricks, tile, pottery, etc.
Flint Lime Brick
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97777
Engineering Brick
A dense, high strength, low absorption brick of uniform size, employed predominantly in industrial structures such as railway viaducts.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97912
Staffordshire Blue Brick
Fletton Brick
Standard rectangular block or tablet bonded on mortar joints in a regular arrangement or pattern for strength or decoration. Made from clay or brick earth which may contain varying quantities of chalk, lime or iron oxide which effect colour or density.
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Bamboo
Tropical giant grass with hollow stem used structurally or as a covering material.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97729
Combination of organic and inorganic material cohered to form a hard solid wall or covering. Use for structures created by the excavation and piling up of earth, such as ice houses. Earth may be used in combination with other materials.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97902
Historic England
Earth
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98262
Turf
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Layer of grass with earth and matted roots cut from the ground and used for earth buildings and as a covering material.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/142988
An unconsolidated geological deposit sometimes iused as a bonding material in stone walls.
Brickearth
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Silver
A precious metal of lustrous white colour with great malleability and ductility.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98189
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98107
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Pise
Rammed earth or clay of a low moisture content used to make floors or walls, or found between shuttering.
Pise De Terre
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97914
Historic England
Terracotta
Hard, unglazed, brown, versatile earthenware which can be used as a tile or moulded into statuary. Used in a structural or semi-structural context as a moulded hollow block.
Ruabon Brick
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98235
Historic England
Marmo
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Solid masonry slabs (tiles) of terracotta which are usually used as a cladding by bedding in concrete. Faience also refers to decorative glazed units.
Faience
Historic England
Trerice Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/102688
Traditional term for any fine to medium grained igneous rock, containing large crystal fragments.
Historic England
Porphyry
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Pentewan Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Elvan
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97908
Miner's term for fine grained, often light grey/fawn coloured porphyritic rocks. Commonly found in Devon and Cornwall.
Catacleuse
Trerice Porphry
Growan
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98058
Natural inorganic substance possessing a definite chemical composition in a crystalline form. See MINERAL Class Listnfor narrow terms.
Historic England
Mineral
2019-07-17T10:14:55
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Feldspar
Hard, often coloured, can be transparent. Found on its own as crystals and veins but also as a major constituent of all three geological rock types.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97915
The remains of living organisms preserved in stone over a long time period. This may be the internal or external moulds of, usually, the hard parts of an organism (shells, bones, etc.).
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97929
Fossil
Ammonite
Soft, often white, but may be transparent. Dolomite can be found on its own, but may also occur as a replacement mineral found in some rocks, particularly limestone, formed after action by magnesium-rich fluids.
Dolomitic Conglomerate
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97892
Dolomite
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97980
Hornblende
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Medium hard, green/black coloured. Found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Historic England
Fluorspar
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97923
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Soft mineral, colour varying from black/purple to yellow/green. Commonly found as a mineral vein.
Fluorite
Tyrolean
A general term for the weatherproof coat on the external walls of a building.
Stucco
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Smooth rendering applied to the exterior of buildings which may be incised to suggest coursed masonry. Made of lime and sand or brick dust, and more recently, cement.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98220
Historic England
Cement Render
Lime plaster, consisting of lime and sand, is the oldest type of render. Applied externally to walls or onto laths for infill panels and usually limewashed.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Plaster
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98110
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98147
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Render
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98090
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
A render with small washed stones added as aggregate. Popular in the early 20th century.
Pebbledash
A render including an aggregate of gravel or stone chipping thrown rather than trowelled onto an external wall.
Roughcast
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98162
Historic England
Verde Ematita
Madreperla
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Ematita Granite
Gneiss
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97940
Alps Grey Granite
Coarse grained, metamorphic rock in which the colour is dependent upon the predominant mineral.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Stainless Steel
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98213
Steel
An alloy of iron and carbon, its strength makes it suitable for load bearing purposes. It is primarily used in structural steelwork and concrete reinforcement.
Historic England
Steel coated in zinc, giving good protection against weathering.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/102712
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Galvanized Steel
Galvanised Steel
Historic England
The oldest form of iron, it is a tough, pure form of iron that can be fashioned into decorative items or shapes by hammering, squeezing or rolling.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98305
Wrought Iron
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Corrugated Iron
Iron
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97992
A malleable, ductile ferromagnetic metal widely used for structural and decorative purposes.
Ham Hill Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97963
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Ham Stone
Shelly, gold/brown, coloured liassic limestone containing large quantities of crystalline calcite.
A hard, gritty, grey/green coloured form of chalk.
Totternhoe Stone
Burwell Stone
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97833
Clunch
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98188
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Fine grained, yellow/buff to grey/black coloured sedimentary rock.
Historic England
Siltstone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Cobble
Naturally occurring glacial rock fragments (diameter 64-256mm) larger than pebble and smaller than boulder.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97836
Historic England
Weatherboard
Length of timber boarding (usually elm, now pine) fixed horizontally or vertically to the exterior of a structure which may be 'tongue and grooved' or 'feathered' to provide external protection.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98282
2019-07-17T10:14:55
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Efte Foil
Extremely thin foil made out of ethyltetraflouroethylene, a modified copolymer which is extruded into a thin film and which is related to Teflon. It has a very high level of light transmission in visible and ultra violet range. Used instead of glass.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/140459
Ethyltetrafluoroethylene Foil
Clay Lump
Large, moulded, unburnt blocks of clay type soil laid in a similar way to brick, but bedded in lime and clay 'mortar'. The walls produced are characteristically thinner than those of cob and pise.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97828
Tinos
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98181
Medium to coarse grained, green to dark red/black coloured igneous rock, mainly found on The Lizard, South West Cornwall. Due to its fragmentary structure, Serpentine is mainly used for decorative and ornamental purposes.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Syenite
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98229
Historic England
Swedish Green Granite
Hard, coarse grained, green to pink coloured igneous rock. Commonly used as a polished cladding.
Serpentinite
Verde Antico
Historic England
Serpentine
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98150
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Rhyolite
Fine grained, acidic, light-grey/white/ brown/red-coloured igneous rock.
Historic England
Pulhamite Stone
A patented manmade rock invented by James Pulham and Son of Broxbourne. Pulhamite was used to join natural rocks together or crafted to simulate natural stone features. It is an artificial form of sandstone.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98128
Artificial Stone
Synthetically manufactured stone made from natural stone aggregate or reconstituted ceramics or clay, and made to appear natural. Used as solid stone for masonry or for sculptural and architectural ornament.
Bradstone
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97717
Empire Stone
Imitation Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Medium grained, dark bluish-grey stone. Quarried mainly from the Rubislaw Quarry.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97702
Balmoral Granite
Aberdeen Granite
Rubislaw Granite
Aluminium
Corrugated Aluminium
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Lightweight, strong metal with good corrosive resistance, normally used as an alloy.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97708
Anodized Aluminium
Aluminium coated by a protective film of oxides created by electrolysis.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97713
Historic England
Cotswold Slate
Cotswold Stone
Historic England
Stanway Stone
Sandy, light brown (cream to golden) coloured limestone, easily worked and readily available.
Guiting Stone
Bladon Cotswold Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97863
Cork
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97850
Buoyant, light material obtained from the cork tree.
Even grained, poorly fossiliferous, light brown/cream coloured, oolitic limestone. Quarried in the Bath area.
Hartham Park Stone
St Aldhelm Stone
Bath Stone
Monks Park Stone
Hazlebury Stone
Combe Down Stone
Bradford Stone
Westwood Stone
Historic England
Corsham Stone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Stoke Ground Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97737
Box Rubblestone
Winsley Ground
Box Ground
Cor Ten Steel
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Weathering Steel
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98283
An alloy of steel.
Fine earthenware with raised patterns of coloured decoration in the form of an enamel or coloured opaque glaze. Use for decorative wall facings.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98037
Historic England
Majolica
2019-07-17T10:14:55
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Ceramic
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97813
Designating or pertaining to hard, brittle substances produced by strong heating of clay.
Historic England
A hard and lustrous metallic element, used for roofing, galvanising iron and a component of alloys such as brass.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98312
Zinc
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97916
Historic England
Fabric of fibrous materials consolidated by heat and mechanical action so that the fibres are matted together.
Felt
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98238
Fabric
A woven or bonded fabric or cloth. See TEXTILE Class List for narrow terms.
Textile
Galvanised Iron
Historic England
Iron coated in zinc, giving good protection against weathering.
Galvanized Iron
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/102713
Historic England
Any of the pieces of hard tissue consisting largely of calcium phosphate that make up the skeleton of a vertebrate animal.
Bone
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97764
Glass to control or reduce the effects of the sun, includes both reflective and absorpative types of glass.
Historic England
Solar Control Glass
Transparent, hard substance made by fusing soda-silica which solidifies from a molten state.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Glass
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97939
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98197
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Single lap roof covering made of clay. Half cylinder in profile although one end is slightly wider than the other. A Spanish tile roof covering comprises under-tiles and over-tiles, the two have the same shape, but the under-tile is slightly larger.
Historic England
Spanish Tile
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98199
A sheet or board made from a mixture of thin strips of wood and cement which are bound together through compression within a mould. Woodwool slabs are used for roof or wall cladding, providing fire resistance, and heat and sound insulation.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98303
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Woodwool Slab
Historic England
Large board used for covering the internal surfaces of a building, ie. floors, walls and ceilings. Some forms can be used as external cladding.
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98080
Panel Board
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Hard, protective covering made largely of calcium salts secreted by soft bodied invertebrate animals.
Shell
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98185
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98089
Rock fragment (diameter 4-64mm) larger than gravel and smaller than cobble, combined with other material e.g. flint, for decorative effect.
Pebble
Historic England
2019-07-17T10:14:55
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97798
Canvas
Historic England
An unbleached cloth of hemp, flax or other coarse yarn.
Weald Stone
Wealden Stone
Fine grained, brown/yellow to dark grey coloured cretaceous sandstone. It is a particularly good freestone and was often used for ashlar finishes.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98280
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Geologist's term for any dark coloured, slightly metamorphosed igneous rock. Index with specific stone type where given.
Greenstone
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97952
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Historic England
Vegetal
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98265
Pertaining to or deriving from a botanical living organism. See VEGETAL Class List for narrow terms.
Historic England
A square, hewn or worked, high class freestone which can be 'freely' cut and is laid in horizontal courses with vertical joints.
Ashlar
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http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97722
Bitumen
Road or paving material combining crushed stone, rolled and mixed with bitumen type mixer.
Historic England
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http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98232
Tarmacadam
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97723
Solid or viscous bituminous pitch of natural occurrence,or produced from petroleum mixed with sand or other aggregate filler, for use in roads or as a covering material
Asphalt
Historic England
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A semi solid mixture of complex hydrocarbons derived from coal or petroleum. Used as a waterproof binder or protective coating.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97749
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Thick, viscid liquid, obtained by the distillation of wood, coal or other organic substances, chemically a mixture of hydrocarbons with resins.
Historic England
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Tar
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98231
Historic England
Dating from the 15th century, it is a hard alloy of iron and carbon, melted and shaped into various moulded forms.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97805
Cast Iron
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http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98069
Historic England
Wet soil, sand or other earthy matter combined with ballast and bonded with straw or other binding material. Walls are built in the absence of shuttering by the simple process of pitching in layers.
Mud
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Paper
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98082
Thin flexible sheets made from the pulp of wood or other fibrous matter.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98083
Historic England
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Pargeting
Pargetting
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Ornate or patterned decoration, carved into or moulded from plaster.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97876
Decorative Plaster
Historic England
External decorative plasterwork often incised or modelled with ornamental patterns. Usually applied to timber-framed houses, especially during 16th and 17th centuries.
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Black Granite
Diorite
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97889
Coarse grained, dark coloured, igneous rock.
Lyddite
A hard, silica rich rock, black or brown coloured, commonly found in nodular form.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97821
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Historic England
Chert
Knapped Chert
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Knapped Flint
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97921
Flint
Historic England
Hard, durable, dark grey stone, the purest native form of silica, which can either be used decoratively or as a main material. Predominantly found in East Anglia and the South East.
Asbestos
Corrugated Asbestos
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97719
A mineral crystal of thin, tough fibres which can be woven. Used for high temperature insulation or as reinforcement in asbestos cement building board and corrugated roofing. If used to imitate slate, use artificial slate also.
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Asbestos Slate
Historic England
An early thermosetting plastic commonly used for its properties of electrical insulation.
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Historic England
Any of large class of polymers based on synthetic resins or modified natural polymers which may be moulded, extruded or cast while soft or liquid, which then set rigidly or slightly elastic in form.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98111
Plastic
Bakelite
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97726
Historic England
Historic England
Rag
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Ragstone
Stonemason's term for any coarse/hard stone that is not easily worked. Index with specific stone type where given. Not to be confused with Kentish Ragstone.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98138
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Historic England
Multicellular marine alga, which grows on the seashore, in salt marshes, in brackish water or submerged in the ocean.
Seaweed
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/126913
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Asbestos Slate
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97716
Artificial Slate
A rectangular sheet of roofing material created by a man made process (eg. asbestos cement slate) and made to look like, and used in the same way as, natural slate.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97977
High Tensile Steel
Historic England
A strong alloy of steel.
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Historic England
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http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98121
A form of cement originally named since it was said to be like Portland Stone in appearance.
Portland Cement
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98119
Historic England
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A type of thermoplastic polymer which is versatile and cheap, often referred to as PVC. This includes plasticized PVC and unplasticized PVC (uPVC).
Polyvinyl Chloride
Easily formed metal alloy composed of copper and zinc.
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Historic England
Brass
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97772
Durable wood from a non-native, evergreen conifer.
Cedar
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Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97808
Mansfield Woodhouse Stone
Roche Abbey Stone
Magnesian Limestone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98036
Historic England
Anston Stone
Permian limestones which have had their chemical composition naturally altered with the calcium content being replaced by magnesium. Fine grained and varying from yellow/brown to cream in colour, although they weather to a dark grey.
Huddlestone Stone
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Tadcaster Stone
Bolsover Moor
Steetly Stone
Peterhead Granite
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Historic England
Coarse grained, dark coloured granite, quarried in the Peterhead and Cairngall areas of Scotland, but used throughout the North.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98101
Blue Peterhead Granite
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A light porous cellular rock, consisting of consolidated volcanic ash ejected from vents during a volcanic eruption.
Tuff
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/140228
Historic England
Historic England
Very hard, rough medium/coarse grained, pink to grey coloured granite. Usually found and quarried in Leicestershire.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98067
Mountsorrel Granite
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Mount Sorrel Granite
Mountsorrel Stone
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Plaster which has been painted either for decorative purposes or to protect it.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/143498
Painted Plaster
Painted Wall Plaster
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97974
Historic England
A dwarf shrub of the heath family used as an alternative to straw as a roof covering in moorland regions. Cut while in bloom and laid with the roots carefully entwined. The covering turns a characteristic black colour with age.
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Heather
Historic England
A material made of felted fibres bonded by bitumen. Often used as a roofing material.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97750
Bituminous Felt
Roofing Felt
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Historic England
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http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98165
Rubble
Rough, unhewn, undressed building stones with irregular faces, generally not laid in regular courses. Index with type of stone if specified.
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98104
Pine
Wood of a coniferous tree native to Scotland and Scandinavia.
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Durable artificial stone consisting of china clay, sand and finely ground stoneware cast from moulds and fired in a kiln. Commonly used for architectural ornament and facings.
Coade Stone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97834
Historic England
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Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98061
Moorstone
Stonemason's name for granite found lying upon the moorland surface, as opposed to having been quarried, in the West Country and the Lake District. Used, as found, since prehistoric times, in later years was often dressed and shaped.
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Historic England
Lime Mortar
A mixture of lime or more recently cement with sand and water used for bonding stones or bricks.
Mortar
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http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98062
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98186
Historic England
Shingle
Wooden roof tile (traditionally oak) which is riven or sawn from good quality timber to a regular size and used as a roof and/or wall covering. Index with type of wood if known.
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Bungeroosh
Composed of a wide variety of substances and materials such as whole or broken bricks, cobblestones, flints, pebbles and sand which are set into hydraulic lime. Used most often to form external walls and is commonly found in the Brighton/Lewes region.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/163248
Historic England
Bungaroosh
A large rectangle roof tile with an upstand on one side, a roll in the centre and another roll on the other side, which fits over the upstand of the adjacent tile. The name does not denote a relationship with the Roman period.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Double Roman Tile
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/140458
Reed
Historic England
The tall, straight stalks or stems formed by plants found in the wetland areas, particularly The Fens. Used as a roofing material, the reed is laid with the ends forming the exposed covering surface.
Water Reed
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http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98143
Tin
Historic England
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Malleable metal used for roofing and for alloys such as bronze.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98243
Fibreglass
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Any material consisting of glass filaments woven into textiles, paper or board.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97918
Historic England
Historic England
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Mosaic
Tessera
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98237
Squared block of glass, tile, stone or marble used in mosaic.
Polycarbonate
Very tough transparent sheeting often used for security glazing.
Historic England
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http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98117
Historic England
Travertine
Tufaceous Limestone
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98260
Tufa
Very light, depositional limestone formed by the precipitation of calcium carbonate rich water (Tufa). The more dense and compact form, Travertine, is formed in a similar way.
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Historic England
Gravel
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97947
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Grains of rock fragment larger than coarse sand and finer than pebbles (diameter 2-4mm).
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98018
Narrow strips of wood which can form the groundwork for slates, panels or plaster work.
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Lath
Historic England
Rubber
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98164
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Flexible, synthetic, polymeric organic material formed by chemical synthesis usually in imitation of a natural substance. It can be moulded to shape, extruded or formed into a sheet from solid or foam material.
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Horsham Stone
Hard, fissile sandstone which weathers to a dark brown colour. Mainly used as a stone roofing material (stone slate) throughout Sussex and Surrey.
Horsham Slab
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97984
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98116
Historic England
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Thin layers of wood, bonded together to form a structural board. The grain of the adjacent layers lie across one another to give structural strength. Produced since mid 19th century for use in interior joinery, since 1930's for exterior use.
Plywood
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Deciduous wood from the native elm tree, commonly used for framing or cladding of lesser timber framed structures due to its poorer weathering qualities as compared to oak.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97906
Elm
Historic England
Single lap regular shaped roof covering which can have one or more water channels. Typically made of clay or concrete. The name does not denote a relationship with the Roman period.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98157
Single Roman Tile
Historic England
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Roman Tile
Historic England
Medium Density Fibreboard
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97917
Fibreboard
Hardboard
A sheet formed from wood which has been separated into its fibrous elements and reconstituted under pressure. The natural fibres produce resins which act as adhesive, but often additional adhesives are used.
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Medium Board
Gold
A precious metal characterised by its yellow colour and resistance to tarnishing.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97942
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/140229
A mixed earthy substance consisting principally of clay mixed with calcium carbonate and sand in very variable proportions.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Marl
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/140464
Ground-covering herbage, some varieties of which can be used, especially when dried and in large quantities, as a construction material.
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Historic England
Grass
Plymax
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/98113
2019-07-17T10:14:55
Structural board comprising a core of thin layers of wood bonded together, which is faced on one or both sides with a sheet of metal, usually galvanised steel or aluminium. Mainly used for external wall cladding.
Plymetal
Historic England
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Triple Roman Tile
Historic England
A large rectangle roof tile in the form of an upstand on one side followed by three rolls, the last of which fits over the upstand of the adjacent tile. The name does not denote a relationship with the Roman period.
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/169981
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97911
Glazed and decorated, patterned earthenware tile combining different coloured clays which are inlaid and burnt in. Mainly used for flooring and external decoration.
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Historic England
Encaustic Tile
http://purl.org/heritagedata/schemes/eh_tbm/concepts/97740
Beer Stone
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Historic England
Coarse, hard Chalkstone, light grey to white coloured, containing shell fragments.